Data: Urban Institute analysis of its Health Insurance Policy Simulation Model (HIPSM) 2018. Reform simulated in 2019.

Note: Table excludes Massachusetts and New Jersey. Massachusetts has its own individual mandate under current law, and New Jersey’s individual mandate is expected to go into effect in 2019.

Source: Linda J. Blumberg, Matthew Buettgens, and John Holahan, How Would State-Based Individual Mandates Affect Health Insurance Coverage and Premium Costs? (Commonwealth Fund, July 2018), https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/fund-reports/2018/jul/state-based-individual-mandate.